Climate change threats including storms, rising sea levels and flooding have stimulated the dredging industry to find new sustainable solutions.
Evidence-based science
The scientific community has confirmed that the Earth's climate is changing. Climate events are becoming more extreme with higher temperatures and changing precipitation (snow and rain) rates and patterns. Some of these extremes have been linked to the increasing levels of CO2 and other greenhouse gases caused by human activities.
Dredging & climate change
Dredging operations have both positive and negative effects as regards climate change. All maritime activities, including dredging vessels, emit gases into the atmosphere; these emissions add to the problem of global warming. International treaties from the United Nations’ International Maritime Organization have set goals for reducing emissions from maritime activities. The European Union has adopted these standards as being the most effective. The United States Environmental Protection Agency is also pro-active in limiting fuel emissions.
The aim is to reduce the use of fuels that emit gases which add to the rise in temperatures and thus are detrimental to controlling climate changes. The dredging industry and those who supply ships and engines to the industry have been actively seeking new technologies to meet these IMO standards.
Dredging to mitigate damages from climate change
While climate change can be impacted negatively by gas emissions, dredging can also provide positive, sustainable solutions to mitigate the potential damage caused by rising sea levels and the increase in extreme weather.
Dredging occurs along coastlines, ports and access channels, rivers, lakes and estuaries. All these areas are affected by rising sea levels and increases in storms which can create life- and property-threatening floods. Dredging can help adapt to the threats of these conditions by offering preventative measures such as:
- maintaining the safety of navigation at ports and access channels;
- constructing infrastructure that manages coastal flood and erosion risks, e.g., higher or stronger embankments or dunes and deeper channels and rivers;
- managing and adapting wetland and habitat adaptations;
- enlarging water storage capacity (reservoirs, lakes) to meet increases in precipitation;
- regulating sedimentation, also in some cases, of contaminated soils from agriculture or urbanisation.
The 'With Nature' movements
The dredging industry has actively been pursuing wide variety of sustainable solutions to climate change. To facilitate the implementation of these solutions, the industry bears a responsibility to engage nearby communities to understand the long-term benefits of dredging projects.
Building with Nature (Ecoshape), Working with Nature (PIANC) or Engineering with Nature (US Army Corps) are all systems which utilise the dynamics of nature and ecosystems as the jumping off point to design a dredging project. These are targeted tools for sustainable solutions that take into account climate change issues from the start.
Blue carbon sequestration
Coastal ecosystems, such as mangroves, tidal marshes, and seagrass meadows and so on, sequester and store significant amounts of coastal blue carbon from the atmosphere and oceans and thus contribute to mitigating climate change. These ecosystems provide protection from rising sea levels and severe storms. They prevent shoreline erosion and help regulate coastal water quality. They provide security for coastal communities as well as for commercial fisheries and protect habitats of endangered marine species.
Case studies
Numerous projects and pilot projects have been and are being conducted to prepare for climate change and its related challenges such as sea level rise and flooding. Also research involving sequestration of carbon and reduction of the carbon footprint of a project are ongoing in the hope to reduce or reverse the causes of climate change.
Subjects
Environment
- Building with Nature
- Climate Change
- CO2 & Other Emissions / Greenhouse Gases
- Coastal Protection
- Confined Disposal Facilities
- Coral Reefs
- Deltas
- Ecosystem Services
- Environmental Impact Assessment
- Environmental Monitoring
- Environmental Monitoring and Management Plans
- Flood Defence
- Management Practices for the Environment
- Mangroves
- Remediation dredging (Contaminated sediments)
- Sustainability
- Turbidity
- Underwater Sound
- Wetlands
related
Articles
Waste heat recovery on dredging vessels
Limiting global warming requires the maritime sector to transition to a more efficient and sustainable operation. Reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, such as carbon dioxide and methane is vital to limit the global temperature rise (IPCC, 2021). Several legislative initiatives are in effect or are being discussed, including the IMO GHG strategy and the FuelEU Maritime initiative. This article discusses the potential of waste heat recovery (WHR) technologies to reduce the fuel consumption of dredging vessels. Available WHR technologies are compared based on working principle and operational performance for different types and ratings of internal combustion engines.
Simulating for sustainability: alternative operating strategies for energy efficiency
In the 2015 Paris agreement, countries committed to implementing measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to limit global warming. For the maritime industry specifically, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has proposed measures for energy efficiency of vessels and candidate measures regarding fuel choice and speed optimisation. This article aims to contribute to the latter by showing how logistical simulations can be used to optimise fleet operations. We will illustrate this in the form of a conceptual case using one cutter and a range of barge fleets. Running simulations with all possible fleets, we will demonstrate the value of extra energy-based alternatives to challenge the fastest, cheapest and most flexible alternatives.
Climate Risk Overview tool: mapping naturebased flood protection opportunities
The planet is facing enormous challenges caused by human activity, increasing the vulnerability of communities and ecosystems to the forces of nature. This is worsened by the effects of climate change, which is threatening the world’s coastal defences. Van Oord has responded to these challenges by developing the Climate Adaptation Action Plan. The plan is designed to encourage meaningful dialogue between stakeholders in order to provide ready-to-scale marine solutions that help increase the resilience of the communities and ecosystems of coastal areas.
Shaping the engineers of tomorrow
During his distinguished career as professor of Coastal Engineering at Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Kees d’Angremond served as head of Hydraulic and Offshore Engineering, chair of the department of Hydraulic and Geotechnical Engineering, and dean of the faculty of Civil Engineering from 1989 to 2001. Now professor emeritus, he still works as an advisor and independent consultant. We invited Kees to a conversation with Stefan Aarninkhof, professor of Coastal Engineering and chair of the department of Hydraulic Engineering at TU Delft, to talk about their careers in the dredging industry and the role of academia in the industry today.
The responsible project: A view on social licence
In today’s world, expectations for sustainable practices are fast becoming the norm. Countries, the public and communities are requesting transparency, the application of higher environmental standards and involvement in decision-making processes when new developments in a marine environment are proposed. Marine infrastructure projects not only require environmental permits and works licences to be in place, they also need a Social Licence to Operate (SLO). This article describes the social licence in this fast-changing context of information and technology, and explores tools that can be used to develop a ‘responsible project’ and provide a successful and sustainable outcome for society and the environment.
Study of greenhouse gas emissions during ripening of dredged marine sediment
As increasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions contribute to global warming, it is becoming more important to consider the carbon footprint of hydraulic engineering projects. This carbon footprint is more complex than previously thought however, as it can also include the carbon dynamics of the sediments from which projects are built. The purpose of this study was to provide a first approximation from sediment-related GHG emissions of dredged sediments. Using the case study of the clay ripening pilot project (‘Kleirijperij’) in Groningen, the Netherlands, one phase of sediment processing was examined: the ripening of dredged sediments for use as a clay material in dyke construction.
Creating mangrove habitat for shoreline protection
Over the past decades, there has been a growing interest in exploring innovative ways to minimise the environmental footprint of coastal developments and in nature-based approaches for shoreline protection. At Mubarraz Island near Abu Dhabi (UAE), an international oil company beneficially reused ~12 million m³ of dredged material to protect pipelines, construct a causeway and create mangrove habitat to manage coastal erosion. This ‘Working with Nature’ approach has provided a cost-effective nature-based solution for shoreline protection, with added benefits for biodiversity conservation.
Interview: Stéphanie Groen, Director of Coastal & Climate Change in Asia for Aurecon in Singapore
Stéphanie Groen works as the Director of Coastal & Climate Change, Asia for Aurecon. Based in Singapore, she was appointed to the position at the beginning of 2020. Previously, Stéphanie was involved in marine and environmental projects for more than 15 years with DHI and her education is in civil engineering and business administration. IADC also knows Stéphanie as the winner of the Young Author Award in 2007. More recently, she was appointed as a committee member to the prestigious FIDIC Sustainable Development Committee. We were interested to hear more from Stéphanie – her views on sustainability, the collaboration with the dredging industry through FIDIC and what her new role can mean for sustainable water infrastructure projects.
Publications
Videos
Presentation: ‘Sand as a Resource’ by Jan Fordeyn (Jan De Nul) − Director Project Development & Conceptual Design
In our day to day lives most of us are not aware of how many industries rely on sand as a part of their working process. The amount of sand consumed has dramatically increased over the last few years and this can be largely contributed to the world wide construction boom. How is this going to affect us in the future?