Compaction is used to increase the density of fill and improve properties such as compressibility, shear resistance and resistance against liquefaction.
Compaction
Compaction is typically expressed in terms of relative density and effective stress. The engineering properties of a granular soil, such as compressibility, shear resistance and resistance against liquefaction, mainly depend on the state of compaction. Increasing the density by compaction will generally improve these mass properties. Various methods exist to compact the soil which can be divided into:
- vibratory techniques including surface compaction and deep compaction;
- dynamic compaction techniques based on (heavy) impact at the surface; and
- explosive compaction.
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Articles
Ennore Breakwater Construction
Monsoons at Ennore on the eastern coast of India are a problem. Part of building the new port was the construction of two breakwaters to protect the harbour against waves and sedimentation, for which a new method of compaction was developed.
Facts About
Soil Improvement
“Facts About Soil Improvement” describes how to accelerate the consolidation of reclaimed land increasing its strength to bear the weight of construction.
Publications
Hydraulic Fill Manual
This manual, a first of its kind, is an ideal reference for all involved in the development of such infrastructure projects.